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Enfield, cartierul exterior al Londrei, Anglia, în perimetrul nordic al metropolei. Se află în județul istoric Middlesex. Partea de est a orașului se află în valea râului Lea. Partea vestică este mai ridicată și include terenurile agricole și ondulatoare de la Enfield Chase din Centura Verde a Londrei. Orașul actual a fost format în 1965 prin amalgamarea fostelor orașe Enfield, Edmonton și Southgate. Cuprinde astfel de zone și orașe istorice precum (de la nord la sud) Botany Bay, Clayhill, Bulls Cross, Hadley Wood, Forty Hill, Enfield Wash, Chase Side, Brimsdown, Enfield, Cockfosters (în parte), Ponders End, Bush Hill, Southgate (în parte), Winchmore Hill, Lower Edmonton, Palmers Green, New Southgate, Upper Edmonton și Bowes Park (în parte).
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Enfield și Edmonton, care includeau Southgate până în 1881, au fost înregistrate în Domesday Book (1086) și ulterior au devenit conace regale. Orașul Enfield a primit pentru prima dată o piață la începutul secolului al XIV-lea; piața pieței a fost creată în 1632. Zona a beneficiat de traficul de-a lungul vechiului drum de nord și de comerțul din Lea. Creșterea rezidențială mai rapidă în Edmonton și Southgate a urmat după ce tarife ieftine pe căile ferate suburbane au fost introduse pentru lucrătorii în anii 1870.
St. Andrew’s Church, Enfield Town, is mainly a 14th–15th century construction; within it are displayed the brass monument of Joyce Tiptoft (1446) and a memorial to Sir Nicholas Rainton, lord mayor of London in the early 17th century. Edmonton’s All Saints Church is a 15th-century structure with traces of Norman work and many old brasses. Another notable edifice is the 16th-century Enfield Grammar School. In Forty Hill stands Forty Hall, a large 17th-century house (now a museum), and in Southgate stands Grovelands (1797), which was designed by architect John Nash and overlooks a wooded park landscaped by Humphry Repton. The half-timbered 17th-century Broomfield House in Palmers Green, with its museum and art gallery, was damaged by fire in 1984. Distinguished area residents have included the writers Charles Lamb, Leigh Hunt, Thomas Hood, and John Keats, who studied and was apprenticed there. The 20th-century poet Stevie Smith lived in Palmers Green.
Two main traffic arteries cross the borough and are lined with light manufacturing plants. The earlier developed valley of the (canalized) River Lea has timber yards and associated industries. Enfield also has engineering plants, although the well-known Royal Small Arms Factory that produced the Enfield series of rifles closed in 1988. The borough is well connected to central London by suburban rail lines and the London Underground (subway).
More than one-tenth of the borough’s area is public open space. The New River, an early 17th-century canal, constructed to supply water from Hertfordshire to Clerkenwell, London, remains a scenic element in the district, and landscaping, footpaths, and recreation sites have transformed the Lea valley into a green corridor extending deep into the East End of London. Located throughout the borough are sports and recreation complexes, libraries, and cultural centres. Ethnic minorities, notably South Asians and Afro-Caribbeans, account for about one-fifth of the population. Area 31 square miles (81 square km). Pop. (2001) 273,559; (2011) 312,466.
